The general term for various basic materials and products used in construction projects, covering multiple dimensions such as structural load-bearing, decorative beautification, and functional protection. In structural building materials, concrete is a mixture of cement, sand and gravel, and water, which has high strength characteristics and is commonly used for beam and column foundations; Steel has become the core material for bridges and high-rise buildings due to its excellent mechanical properties; Wood, as a traditional building material, is still widely used in low rise buildings and interior decoration. In terms of decorative building materials, tiles and stones (such as marble and granite) enhance the spatial texture through wear resistance and natural texture, while coatings serve both wall protection and color decoration functions.